How to check if function exists in JavaScript? - Stack Overflow

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My code is

function getID( swfID ){
     if(navigator.appName.indexOf("Microsoft") != -1){
          me = window[swfID];
     }else{
          me = document[swfID];
     }
}

function js_to_as( str ){
     me.onChange(str);
}

However, sometimes my onChange does not load. Firebug errors with

me.onChange is not a function

I want to degrade gracefully because this is not the most important feature in my program. typeof gives the same error.

Any suggestions on how to make sure that it exists and then only execute onChange?

(None of the methods below except try catch one work)

My code is

function getID( swfID ){
     if(navigator.appName.indexOf("Microsoft") != -1){
          me = window[swfID];
     }else{
          me = document[swfID];
     }
}

function js_to_as( str ){
     me.onChange(str);
}

However, sometimes my onChange does not load. Firebug errors with

me.onChange is not a function

I want to degrade gracefully because this is not the most important feature in my program. typeof gives the same error.

Any suggestions on how to make sure that it exists and then only execute onChange?

(None of the methods below except try catch one work)

• javascript

Share Improve this question Follow edited Feb 4, 2020 at 16:21 animuson♦ 54.7k2828 gold badges142142 silver badges150150 bronze badges asked Jun 25, 2009 at 4:10 Alec SmartAlec Smart 95.8k3939 gold badges124124 silver badges186186 bronze badges 1

• Possible duplicate of How to tell if a Javascript function is defined – Tot Zam Commented Aug 3, 2017 at 21:16

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34 Answers 34

Sorted by: Reset to default 1 2 Next 1620

Try something like this:

if (typeof me.onChange !== "undefined") { 
    // safe to use the function
}

or better yet (as per UpTheCreek upvoted comment)

if (typeof me.onChange === "function") { 
    // safe to use the function
}

Modern JavaScript & TypeScript

Use Optional Chaining

me.onChange?.(str)

It's available in JavaScript from ES2020 and TypeScript from version 3.7

If me.onChange exists and is a function, it is called.

If it doesn't exist, nothing happens.

Warning - if it exists but is not a function, a TypeError is thrown.

I had this problem. if (obj && typeof obj === 'function') { ... } kept throwing a reference error if obj happened to be undefined, so in the end I did the following:

if (typeof obj !== 'undefined' && typeof obj === 'function') { ... }

However, a colleague pointed out to me that checking if it's !== 'undefined' and then === 'function' is redundant, thus:

Simpler:

if (typeof obj === 'function') { ... }

Much cleaner and works great.

How about:

if('functionName' in Obj){
    //code
}

e.g.

var color1 = new String("green");
"length" in color1 // returns true
"indexOf" in color1 // returns true
"blablabla" in color1 // returns false

or as for your case:

if('onChange' in me){
    //code
}

See MDN docs.

If you're using eval to convert a string to function, and you want to check if this eval'd method exists, you'll want to use typeof and your function string inside an eval:

var functionString = "nonexsitantFunction"
eval("typeof " + functionString) // returns "undefined" or "function"

Don't reverse this and try a typeof on eval. If you do a ReferenceError will be thrown:

var functionString = "nonexsitantFunction"
typeof(eval(functionString)) // returns ReferenceError: [function] is not defined

Try typeof -- Look for 'undefined' to say it doesn't exist, 'function' for a function. JSFiddle for this code

function thisishere() {
    return false;
}
alert("thisishere() is a " + typeof thisishere);
alert("thisisnthere() is " + typeof thisisnthere);

Or as an if:

if (typeof thisishere === 'function') {
    // function exists
}

Or with a return value, on a single line:

var exists = (typeof thisishere === 'function') ? "Value if true" : "Value if false";
var exists = (typeof thisishere === 'function') // Returns true or false

Didn't see this suggested: me.onChange && me.onChange(str);

Basically if me.onChange is undefined (which it will be if it hasn't been initiated) then it won't execute the latter part. If me.onChange is a function, it will execute me.onChange(str).

You can even go further and do:

me && me.onChange && me.onChange(str);

in case me is async as well.

For me the easiest way :

function func_exists(fname)
{
  return (typeof window[fname] === 'function');
}

Put double exclamation mark i.e !! before the function name that you want to check. If it exists, it will return true.

function abc(){
}
!!window.abc; // return true
!!window.abcd; // return false

function function_exists(function_name)
{
    return eval('typeof ' + function_name) === 'function';
}
alert(function_exists('test'));
alert(function_exists('function_exists'));

OR

function function_exists(func_name) {
  //  discuss at: http://phpjs.org/functions/function_exists/
  // original by: Kevin van Zonneveld (http://kevin.vanzonneveld.net)
  // improved by: Steve Clay
  // improved by: Legaev Andrey
  // improved by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me)
  //   example 1: function_exists('isFinite');
  //   returns 1: true

  if (typeof func_name === 'string') {
    func_name = this.window[func_name];
  }
  return typeof func_name === 'function';
}

//Simple function that will tell if the function is defined or not
function is_function(func) {
    return typeof window[func] !== 'undefined' && $.isFunction(window[func]);
}

//usage

if (is_function("myFunction") {
        alert("myFunction defined");
    } else {
        alert("myFunction not defined");
    }

function js_to_as( str ){
     if (me && me.onChange)
         me.onChange(str);
}

I'll go 1 step further to make sure the property is indeed a function

function js_to_as( str ){
     if (me && me.onChange && typeof me.onChange === 'function') {
         me.onChange(str);
     }
}

I had the case where the name of the function varied according to a variable (var 'x' in this case) added to the functions name. This works:

if ( typeof window['afunction_'+x] === 'function' ) { window['afunction_'+x](); } 

Here is a working and simple solution for checking existence of a function and triggering that function dynamically by another function;

Trigger function

function runDynamicFunction(functionname){ 

    if (typeof window[functionname] == "function") { //check availability

        window[functionname]("this is from the function it"); // run function and pass a parameter to it
    }
}

and you can now generate the function dynamically maybe using php like this

function runThis_func(my_Parameter){

    alert(my_Parameter +" triggerd");
}

now you can call the function using dynamically generated event

<?php

$name_frm_somware ="runThis_func";

echo "<input type='button' value='Button' onclick='runDynamicFunction(\"".$name_frm_somware."\");'>";

?>

the exact HTML code you need is

<input type="button" value="Button" onclick="runDynamicFunction('runThis_func');">

In a few words: catch the exception.

I am really surprised nobody answered or commented about Exception Catch on this post yet.

Detail: Here goes an example where I try to match a function which is prefixed by mask_ and suffixed by the form field "name". When JavaScript does not find the function, it should throw an ReferenceError which you can handle as you wish on the catch section.

function inputMask(input) {
  try {
    let maskedInput = eval("mask_"+input.name);

    if(typeof maskedInput === "undefined")
        return input.value;
    else
        return eval("mask_"+input.name)(input);

  } catch(e) {
    if (e instanceof ReferenceError) {
      return input.value;
    }
  }
}

I like using this method:

function isFunction(functionToCheck) {
  var getType = {};
  return functionToCheck && getType.toString.call(functionToCheck) === '[object Function]';
}

Usage:

if ( isFunction(me.onChange) ) {
    me.onChange(str); // call the function with params
}

The Underscore.js library defines it in the isFunction method as this (which comments suggest may cater for some browser bugs)

typeof obj == 'function' || false

http://underscorejs.org/docs/underscore.html#section-143

If you're checking for a function that is a jQuery plugin, you need to use $.fn.myfunction

if (typeof $.fn.mask === 'function') {
    $('.zip').mask('00000');
}

With no conditions

me.onChange=function(){};

function getID( swfID ){
     if(navigator.appName.indexOf("Microsoft") != -1){
          me = window[swfID];
     }else{
          me = document[swfID];
     }
}

function js_to_as( str ){
     me.onChange(str);
}

I would suspect that me is not getting correctly assigned onload.

Moving the get_ID call into the onclick event should take care of it.

Obviously you can further trap as previously mentioned:

function js_to_as( str) {
  var me = get_ID('jsExample');
  if (me && me.onChange) {
    me.onChange(str);
  }
}

I always check like this:

if(!myFunction){return false;}

just place it before any code that uses this function

This simple jQuery code should do the trick:

if (jQuery.isFunction(functionName)) {
    functionName();
}

I have tried the accepted answer; however:

console.log(typeof me.onChange);

returns 'undefined'. I've noticed that the specification states an event called 'onchange' instead of 'onChange' (notice the camelCase).

Changing the original accepted answer to the following worked for me:

if (typeof me.onchange === "function") { 
  // safe to use the function
}

I would suggest using:

function hasMethod(subject, methodName) {
  return subject != null && typeof subject[methodName] == "function";
}

The first check subject != null filters out nullish values (null and undefined) which don't have any properties. Without this check subject[methodName] could throw an error:

TypeError: (undefined|null) has no properties

Checking for only a truthy value isn't enough, since 0 and "" are both falsy but do have properties.

After validating that subject is not nullish you can safely access the property and check if it matches typeof subject[methodName] == "function".

---

Applying this to your code you can now do:

if (hasMethod(me, "onChange")) {
  me.onChange(str);
}

I have also been looking for an elegant solution to this problem. After much reflection, I found this approach best.

const func = me.onChange || (str => {}); func(str);

To illustrate the preceding answers, here a quick JSFiddle snippet :

function test () {
console.log()

}

console.log(typeof test) // >> "function"

// implicit test, in javascript if an entity exist it returns implcitly true unless the element value is false as :
// var test = false
if(test){ console.log(true)}
else{console.log(false)}

// test by the typeof method
if( typeof test === "function"){ console.log(true)}
else{console.log(false)}


// confirm that the test is effective : 
// - entity with false value
var test2 = false
if(test2){ console.log(true)}
else{console.log(false)}

// confirm that the test is effective :
// - typeof entity
if( typeof test ==="foo"){ console.log(true)}
else{console.log(false)}

/* Expected :
function
true 
true 
false
false
*/

I prefer it using lodash library as below (looks much cleaner):

if (_.has(me, "onChange")) {
   // your desired code here
}

// or generic one like

if (_.has(this, "some property or function name")) {
   // your desired code here
}

    function sum(nb1,nb2){

       return nb1+nb2;
    }

    try{

      if(sum() != undefined){/*test if the function is defined before call it*/

        sum(3,5);               /*once the function is exist you can call it */

      }

    }catch(e){

      console.log("function not defined");/*the function is not defined or does not exists*/
    }

And then there is this...

( document.exitPointerLock || Function )();

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