现今许多公司为了提升安全性,只提供服务给有HTTPS连线的网路应用程式接入。
用 HTTPS
使用具有加密功能的 HTTPS 作为网际网路通讯协定,而非 HTTP。 HTTPS 会维护传送资料的隐私,保护其不受窃听攻击。此外,也能保护资料在传送过程中不遭到置入广告或恶意程式码的窜改。
在 2018 年 10 月 6 日,所有应用程式都必须使用 HTTPS。
这也导致在开发或测试环境时常会,因为开发环境没有设置SSL而出错,本例Facebook中有两种解法:
- 建立 development 与 production mode 两种 Facebook 应用程式,development mode 下 Facebook 依然愿意提供服务给开发者。
- 开发端使用SSL
本篇文章将介绍比较省事的选项2,让你能够以https:// localhost:3000开发
设定SSL
证书
$ brew install mkcert nss $ mkcert -install Created a new local CA at "/Users/filippo/Library/Application Support/mkcert" 💥 The local CA is now installed in the system trust store! ⚡️
签署凭证:
$ cd project $ mkcert localhost Using the local CA at "/Users/username/Library/Application Support/mkcert" ✨ Created a new certificate valid for the following names 📜 - "localhost" The certificate is at "./localhost.pem" and the key at "./localhost-key.pem" ✅
把凭证移到config/ssl/
下
$ mkdir config / ssl
$ mv localhost-key.pem localhost.pem config / ssl
Rails配置
在config/puma.rb
中设定SSL服务:
# Remove port ENV.fetch("PORT") { 3000 } environment ENV.fetch("RAILS_ENV") { "development" } # Add if ENV.fetch('RAILS_ENV') { 'development' } == 'development' # using mkcert self-signed cert enable ssl ssl_bind '0.0.0.0', ENV.fetch('PORT') { 3000 }, cert: 'config/ssl/localhost.pem', key: 'config/ssl/localhost-key.pem' else port ENV.fetch('PORT') { 3000 } environment ENV.fetch('RAILS_ENV') { 'development' } end
在config/environments/development.rb
中强制所有连线使用SSL连线:
config.force_ssl = true
重启 dev server,开始在开发环境上用HTTPS连线吧!
$ rails s
可能会遇到的问题
Puma没有使用正确的SSL设置
SSL error, peer: 127.0.0.1, peer cert: , #<Puma::MiniSSL::SSLError: OpenSSL error: error:141F7065:SSL routines:final_key_share:no suitable key share - 337604709> # OR HTTP parse error, malformed request (): #<Puma::HttpParserError: Invalid HTTP format, parsing fails.>
使用最新的Puma(> 4.2.0)。
无法从webpack-dev-server获取编译后的JavaScript
Failed to load resource: net::ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR :3035/sockjs-node/info?t=1570436373828:1 # OR GET https://localhost:3035/sockjs-node/info?t=1570436376957 net::ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR sockjs.js:1796 # OR GET https://localhost:3000/packs/js/application-2be7c5d587f23021bfe9.js net::ERR_ABORTED 500 (Internal Server Error) localhost/:10 # OR Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 500 (Internal Server Error) application-2be7c5d587f23021bfe9.js:1 # OR Rack app error handling request { GET /packs/js/application-47a01f2c35f03c5131aa.js } #<EOFError: end of file reached> # OR Puma caught this error: end of file reached (EOFError) # OR Failed to load resource: net::ERR_CERT_AUTHORITY_INVALID :3035/sockjs-node/info?t=1570452520941:1 GET https://localhost:3035/sockjs-node/info?t=1570452524158 net::ERR_CERT_AUTHORITY_INVALID # OR Refused to connect to 'wss://localhost:3035/sockjs-node/661/ghika1m3/websocket' because it violates the following Content Security Policy directive: "connect-src 'self' https: http://localhost:3035 ws://localhost:3035". sockjs.js:1887
webpack-dev-server也要记得上SSL,提供https://与wss://等连接方式。
转载需保留链接来源:软件玩家 » Rails开发环境中启用HTTPS