c# - Is there a language feature like Python's `issubclass` to cast instances of System.Type to the actual type (to acce

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I have the following interface which contains a static method definition:

public interface IUpgradableDataSource
{
    static abstract Task<JsonElement> UpgradeSourceConfigurationAsync(
        JsonElement configuration,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken
    );
}

This interface is implemented by dynamically loaded plugins. To invoke UpgradeSourceConfigurationAsync on them, I need to use reflection which I would like to avoid (dataSourceType is the plugin's type):

var dataSourceType = <the System.Type of the plugin>
var dataSourceInterfaceTypes = dataSourceType.GetInterfaces();

if (dataSourceInterfaceTypes.Any(x => x == typeof(IUpgradableDataSource)))
{
    var methodInfo = dataSourceType
        .GetMethod(
            nameof(IUpgradableDataSource.UpgradeSourceConfigurationAsync), 
            BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static
        )!;

    var upgradedConfiguration = await (Task<JsonElement>)methodInfo.Invoke(
        default,
        [
            configuration,
            cancellationToken
        ]
    )!;

    // ...
}
else
{
    // ...
}

I am implementing exactly the same code also in Python where I can solve this problem quite elegant:

if issubclass(data_source_type, IUpgradableDataSource):
    upgraded_configuration = await data_source_type.upgrade_source_configuration(configuration)
    ...
else
    ...

By simply using issubclass I get proper intellisense support and pyright is also happy:

My question is: Is there something similar in C#? I.e. can I just check if the System.Type instance is deriving from IUpgradableDataSource and then invoke static methods defined on that type?

I tried the following but it does not work (compile-time error):

var myCastedType = dataSourceType as IUpgradableDataSource;
await myCastedType.UpgradeSourceConfigurationAsync(...)

I have the following interface which contains a static method definition:

public interface IUpgradableDataSource
{
    static abstract Task<JsonElement> UpgradeSourceConfigurationAsync(
        JsonElement configuration,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken
    );
}

This interface is implemented by dynamically loaded plugins. To invoke UpgradeSourceConfigurationAsync on them, I need to use reflection which I would like to avoid (dataSourceType is the plugin's type):

var dataSourceType = <the System.Type of the plugin>
var dataSourceInterfaceTypes = dataSourceType.GetInterfaces();

if (dataSourceInterfaceTypes.Any(x => x == typeof(IUpgradableDataSource)))
{
    var methodInfo = dataSourceType
        .GetMethod(
            nameof(IUpgradableDataSource.UpgradeSourceConfigurationAsync), 
            BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static
        )!;

    var upgradedConfiguration = await (Task<JsonElement>)methodInfo.Invoke(
        default,
        [
            configuration,
            cancellationToken
        ]
    )!;

    // ...
}
else
{
    // ...
}

I am implementing exactly the same code also in Python where I can solve this problem quite elegant:

if issubclass(data_source_type, IUpgradableDataSource):
    upgraded_configuration = await data_source_type.upgrade_source_configuration(configuration)
    ...
else
    ...

By simply using issubclass I get proper intellisense support and pyright is also happy:

My question is: Is there something similar in C#? I.e. can I just check if the System.Type instance is deriving from IUpgradableDataSource and then invoke static methods defined on that type?

I tried the following but it does not work (compile-time error):

var myCastedType = dataSourceType as IUpgradableDataSource;
await myCastedType.UpgradeSourceConfigurationAsync(...)

• c#
• inheritance
• plugins
• interface
• static-methods

Share Improve this question Follow edited Feb 2 at 21:15 marc_s 757k184184 gold badges1.4k1.4k silver badges1.5k1.5k bronze badges asked Feb 2 at 20:59 Apollo3zehnApollo3zehn 55266 silver badges1616 bronze badges 2

• 1 You need to get an instance and the just cast/use as to work with it. You should work with concrete instance, not an instance of the System.Type. Without seeing full code it is hard to tell what you need to do, but in some cases you can use Activator.CreateInstance: var castedInstance = Activator.CreateInstance(dataSourceType) as IUpgradableDataSource; if(castedInstance is not null) ... – Guru Stron Commented Feb 2 at 21:22
• I found it cleaner first to work with the C# 11 static abstract interface methods but it causes much trouble so I will switch back to an ordinary instance method. – Apollo3zehn Commented Feb 4 at 9:29

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1 Answer 1

Sorted by: Reset to default 3

You could have achieved this much more easily if you were working with instance methods:

if (dataSourceInstance is IUpgradableDataSource myCastedInstance){
    await myCastedInstance.UpgradeSourceConfigurationAsync(...)
}

Static interface methods are meant to be called mostly in constrained methods like T.Method()(see below).

As an aside, your implementation really excludes the possibility of implementing the interface method in the plugin with Explicit Interface Implementation:

public class Plugin : IUpgradableDataSource {
    static Task<JsonElement> IUpgradableDataSource.UpgradeSourceConfigurationAsync(JsonElement configuration, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

The method above would not be discovered with your reflection logic.

To work around this issue and make matters simpler, it would be very useful to define a helper method with the constraint T : IUpgradableDataSource somewhere:

public static Task<JsonElement> UpgradeSourceConfigurationAsyncHelper<T>(
     JsonElement configuration,
     CancellationToken cancellationToken
 )
 where T : IUpgradableDataSource => T.UpgradeSourceConfigurationAsync(configuration, cancellationToken);

We would use this method as a template to construct delegates so we can invoke each plugin's implementation from reflection:

var dataSourceType = pluginType;
// TODO: make static field
var helperGenericMethod = typeof(ClassWithHelperMethod).GetMethod("UpgradeSourceConfigurationAsyncHelper");
if (dataSourceType.GetInterfaces().Any(x => x == typeof(IUpgradableDataSource))
/* alternatively dataSourceType.IsAssignableTo(typeof(IUpgradableDataSource))*/) {
    // TODO:
    // possibly cache in Dictionary<Type, Func<JsonElement, CancellationToken, Task<JsonElement>>>
    var del = helperGenericMethod
    .MakeGenericMethod(dataSourceType)
    .CreateDelegate<Func<JsonElement, CancellationToken, Task<JsonElement>>>();

    var upgradedConfiguration = await del(configuration,cancellationToken);
}

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